188.  Adibnia, V.; Ma, Y.; Halimi, I.; Walker, GC.; Banquy, X.*’; Kumacheva, E.* Phytoglycogen Nanoparticles: Nature-Derived Superlubricants, ACS Nano. 2021, 15, 8953 – 8964 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01755.

187.  Dey, S.; Surendran, D.; Enberg, O.; Gupta, A.; Fanibunda, S. E.; Das, A.; Maity, B. M.; Dey, A.; Visvakarma, V.; Kallianpur, M.; Scheidt, H. A.; Walker, G. C.; Vaidya, V. A; Huster, D.; Maiti, S. Altered Membrane Mechanics Provides a Receptor-Independent Pathway for Serotonin Action, Chem. Euro. J. 2021, 27, 1 – 10 doi:  10.1002/chem.202100328.

186.  Ho, K.; Wei, M.; Sargent, E. H.; Walker, G. C. Grain Transformation and Degradation Mechanism of Formamidinium and Cesium Lead Iodide Perovskite under Humidity and Light, ACS Energy Lett. 2021, 6, 934 – 940 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02247.

185.  Yu, Q.; Roberts, M. G.; Houdaihed, L.; Liu, Y.; Ho, K.; Walker, G. C.; Allen, C.; Reilly, R. M.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. Investigating the Influence of Block Copolymer Micelle Length on Cellular Uptake and Penetration in a Multicellular Tumor Spheroid Model, Nanoscale. 2020,13, 280 – 291 doi: 10.1039/D0NR08076D.

184.  Wang, L.; Zeng, G.; Walker, G. C.; Xu, X. G. Peak Rorce Infrared Microscopy for Label-Free Chemical Imaging at Sub 10 nm Spatial Resolution, Proc. SPIE. 11252, Advanced Chemical Microscopy for Life Science and Translational Medicine, 112521L. 2020. doi: 10.1117/12.2541976.

183. Hassan, E. M.; Walker, G. C.; Wang, C.; Zou, S. Anti-Leukemia Effect Associated with Down-Regulated CD47 and Up-Regulated Calreticulin by Stimulated-Macrophages in Co-Culture, Cancer Immunol. Immun. 2020. 70, 787 – 801 doi: 10.1007/s00262-020-02728-z. 

182. Dumont, A.; Ho, K.; Kung, H-T; Qiu, C.; Li, P.; Luo, D.; Zhao, Y.; Walker, G. C.; Lu, Z. Extraordinary Mass Transport and Self‐Assembly: A Pathway to Fabricate Luminescent CsPbBr3 and Light‐Emitting Diodes by Vapor‐Phase Deposition. Adv. Mater. Interfaces. 2020, 2000506. doi: 10.1002/admi.202000506.

181. Xie, J.; Li, P.; Ho, K.; Walker, G. C.; Lu, Z. Effect of Ag Cathode Deposition Rate on the Performance of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 2020, 117, 105170. doi: 10.1016/j.mssp.2020.105170.

180. Walker, G. C. New Directions for Langmuir. Langmuir. 2020, 36, 1–2. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03781.

179. Phillips, C.; Gilburd, L.; Xu, X. G.; Walker, G. C. Surface and Volume Phonon Polaritons in Boron Nitride Nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2019, 10, 4851–4856. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01829.

178. Ho, K.; Kim, K. S.; Gilburd, L.; Mirzoyan, R.; de Beer, S.; Walker, G. C. Nanoscale Subsurface Morphologies in Block Copolymer Thin Films Revealed by Combined Near-Field Infrared Microscopy and Mechanical Mapping. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2019, 1, 933–938. doi: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00189.

177. Ip, S.; MacLaughlin, C. M.; Joseph, M.; Mullaithilaga, N.; Yang, G.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Dual-Mode Dark Field and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Liposomes for Lymphoma and Leukemia Cell Imaging. Langmuir 2019, 35, 1534–1543. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02313.

176. Jankowski, A. P.; Pao, C.; Walker, G. C. Photonic Nanoparticles for Cellular and Tissular Labeling. In Comprehensive Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2nd ed.; Andrews, D., Nann, T., Lipson, R., Eds.; Academic Press: Cambridge, 2019, 147–170. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.10446-1.

175. Yi, Z.; Zhao, Y.; Li, P.; Ho, K.; Blozowski, N.; Walker, G.; Jaffer, S.; Tjong, J.; Sain, M.; Lu, Z. The effect of tannic acids on the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS Films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2018, 448, 583–588. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.04.168.

174. Wagner, M.; Jakob, D. S.; Horne, S.; Mittel, H.; Osechinskiy, S.; Phillips, C.; Walker, G. C.; Su, C.; Xu, X. G. Ultrabroadband Nanospectroscopy with a Laser-Driven Plasma Source. ACS Photonics 2018, 5, 1467–1475. doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01484.

173. Walters, C. M; Pao, C.; Gagnon, B. P.; Zamecnik, C. R.; Walker, G. C. Bright Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Fluorescence Quenching from Silica Encapsulated J-Aggregate Coated Gold Nanoparticles. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1705381. doi: 10.1002/adma.201705381.

172. Jiang, J.-H.; Xu, X. G.; Gilburd, L.; Walker, G. C. Optical hot-spots in boron-nitride nanotubes at mid infrared frequencies: one-dimensional localization due to random-scattering. Opt. Express 2017, 25, 25059–25070. doi: 10.1364/OE.25.025059.

171. Tebbe, M.; Galati, E.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Homopolymer Nanolithography. Small 2017, 13, 1702043. doi: 10.1002/smll.201702043.

170. Kim, K. S.; Trajanoski, D.; Ho, K.; Gilburd, L.; Maiti, A.; van der Velden, L.; de Beer, S.; Walker, G. C. The Effect of Adjacent Materials on the Propagation of Phonon Polaritons in Hexagonal Boron Nitride. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 2902–2908. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01048.

169. Gilburd, L.; Kim, K. S.; Ho, K.; Trajanoski, D.; Maiti, A.; Halverson, D.; de Beer, S.; Walker, G. C. Hexagonal Boron Nitride Self-Launches Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 2158–2162. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00748.

168. Alipour, E.; Halverson, D.; McWhirter, S.; Walker, G. C. Phospholipid Bilayers: Stability and Encapsulation of Nanoparticles. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2017, 68, 261–283. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040215-112634.

167. Li, H.; Walker, G. C. Twist and Shout: Single-Molecule Mechanochemistry. ACS Nano 2017, 11, 28–30. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b08562.

166. Gonzalez-Alvarez, M. J.; Jia, L.; Guerin, G.; Kim, K. S.; An Du, V.; Walker, G.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. How a Small Modification of the Corona-Forming Block Redirects the Self-Assembly of Crystalline–Coil Block Copolymers in Solution. Macromolecules 2016, 49, 7975–7984. doi: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01616

165. Walker, G. C. Net charge of trace proteins. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2016, 11, 739–740. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2016.143.

164. Kim, K. S.; Gunari, N.; MacNeil, D.; Finlay, J.; Callow, M.; Callow, J.; Walker, G. C. Aqueous-Based Fabrication of Low-VOC Nanostructured Block Copolymer Films as Potential Marine Antifouling Coatings. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 20342–20351. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b04629.

163. Gilburd, L.; Xu, X. G.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D.; Walker, G. C. Surface Phonon Coupling within Boron Nitride Nanotubes Resolved by a Novel Near-Field Infrared Pump-Probe Imaging Technique. Microsc. Microanal. 2016, 22, 366–367. doi: 10.1017/S1431927616002683.

162. Navab, R.; Strumpf, D.; To, C.; Pasko, E.; Kim, K. S.; Park, C. J.; Hai, J.; Liu, J.; Jonkman, J.; Barczyk, M.; Bandarchi, B.; Wang, Y. H.; Venkat, K.; Ibrahimov, E.; Pham, N.-A.; Ng, C; Radulovich, N.; Zhu, C.-Q.; Pintilie, M.; Wang, D.; Lu, A.; Jurisica, I.; Walker, G. C.; Gullberg, D.; Taso, M.-S. Integrin α11β1 regulates cancer stromal stiffness and promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2016, 35, 1899–1908. doi: 10.1038/onc.2015.254.

161. Gilburd, L.; Xu, X. G.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D.; Walker, G. C. Near-Field Infrared Pump–Probe Imaging of Surface Phonon Coupling in Boron Nitride Nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7, 289–294. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02438.

160. Xu, X. G.; Gilburd, L.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D.; Walker, G. C. Defects and Deformation of Boron Nitride Nanotubes Studied by Joint Nanoscale Mechanical and Infrared Near-Field Microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120, 1945–1951. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10670.

159. Bhowmik, D.; Mote, K. R.; MacLaughlin, C. M.; Biswas, N.; Chandra, B.; Basu, J. K.; Walker, G. C.; Madhu, P. K.; Maiti, S. Cell-Membrane-Mimicking Lipid-Coated Nanoparticles Confer Raman Enhancement to Membrane Proteins and Reveal Membrane-Attached Amyloid-β Conformation. ACS Nano 2015, 9, 9070–9077. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03175.

158. Mondal, J.; Halverson, D.; Li, I. T. S.; Stirnemann, G.; Walker, G. C.; Berne, B. J. How osmolytes influence hydrophobic polymer conformations: A unified view from experiment and theory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2015, 112, 9270–9275. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1511780112.

157. Stewart, A. F.; Gagnon, B. P.; Walker, G. C. Forming End-to-End Oligomers of Gold Nanorods Using Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines. Langmuir 2015, 31, 6902–6908. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01323.

156. Sarvothaman, M. K.; Kim, K. S.; Seale, B.; Brodersen, P. M.; Walker, G. C.; Wheeler, A. R. Dynamic Fluoroalkyl Polyethylene Glycol Co-Polymers: A New Strategy for Reducing Protein Adhesion in Lab-on-a-Chip Devices. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 506–515. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201402218.

155. Xu, X. G.; Gilburd, L.; Walker, G. C. Phase stabilized homodyne of infrared scattering type scanning near-field optical microscopy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014, 105, 263104. doi: 10.1063/1.4905207.

154. Feng, C.; Jose Gonzalez-Alvarez, M.; Song, Y.; Li, I.; Zhao, G.; Molev, G.; Guerin, G.; Walker, G. C.; Scholes, G. D.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. Synthesis, self-assembly and photophysical properties of oligo(2,5-dihexyloxy-1,4-phenylene vinylene)-block-poly(ethylene glycol). Soft Matter 2014, 10, 8875–8887. doi: 10.1039/C4SM01402B.

153. Xu, X. G.; Jiang, J.-H.; Gilburd, L.; Rensing, R. G.; Burch, K. S.; Zhi, C.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D.; Walker, G. C. Mid-infrared Polaritonic Coupling between Boron Nitride Nanotubes and Graphene. ACS Nano 2014, 8, 11305–11312. doi: 10.1021/nn504093g.

152. Klinkova, A.; Thérien-Aubin, H.; Ahmed, A.; Nykypanchuk, D.; Choueiri, R. M.; Gagnon, B.; Muntyanu, A.; Gang, O.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Structural and Optical Properties of Self-Assembled Chains of Plasmonic Nanocubes. Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 6314–6321. doi: 10.1021/nl502746h.

151. Ghamsari, B. G.;  Xu, X. G.; Gilburd, L.; Walker, G. C.; Berini, P. Mid-infrared surface phonon polaritons in boron-nitride nanotubes. J. Opt. 2014, 16, 114008. doi: 10.1088/2040-8978/16/11/114008.

150. Xu, X. G.; Ghamsari, B. G.; Jiang, J.-H.; Gilburd, L.; Andreev, G. O.; Zhi, C.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D.; Berini, P.; Walker, G. C. One-dimensional surface phonon polaritons in boron nitride nanotubes. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 4782. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5782.

149. Stewart, A. F.; Lee, A.; Ahmed, A.; Ip, S.; Kumacheva, E.; Walker, G. C. Rational Design for the Controlled Aggregation of Gold Nanorods via Phospholipid Encapsulation for Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS Nano 2014, 8, 5462–5467. doi: 10.1021/nn4044589.

148. Jia, L.; Zhao, G.; Shi, W.; Coombs, N.; Gourevich, I.; Walker, G. C.; Guerin, G.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. A design strategy for the hierarchical fabrication of colloidal hybrid mesostructures. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3882. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4882.

147. Molev, G.; Lu, Y.; Kim, K. S.; Majdalani, I. C.; Guerin, G.; Petrov, S.; Walker, G.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. Organometallic–Polypeptide Diblock Copolymers: Synthesis by Diels–Alder Coupling and Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly to Uniform Truncated Elliptical Lamellae. Macromolecules 2014, 47, 2604–2615. doi: 10.1021/ma402441y.

146. Bhowmik, D.; MacLaughlin, C.; Walker, G. C.; Maiti, S. Decoupling Conformation, Aggregation and Function of Amyloid-β Monomers and Oligomers: An FCS, SERS and AFM Study. Biophys. J. 2014, 106 (2, Supplement 1), 269a–270a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.1580.

145. Bhowmik, D.; MacLaughlin, C. M; Chandrakesan, M.; Ramesh, P.; Venkatramani, R.; Walker, G. C.; Maiti, S. pH changes the aggregation propensity of amyloid-β without altering the monomer conformation. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 885–889. doi: 10.1039/C3CP54151G.

144. Sullan, R. M. A.; Shi, W.; Chan, H.; Li, J. K.; Walker, G. C. Mechanical stability of phase-segregated multicomponent lipid bilayers enhanced by PS-b-PEO diblock copolymers. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 6245–6253. doi: 10.1039/C3SM50855B.

143. Qian, J.; Lu, Y.; Chia, A.; Zhang, M.; Rupar, P. A.; Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C.; Cambridge, G.; He, F.; Guerin, G.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. Self-Seeding in One Dimension: A Route to Uniform Fiber-like Nanostructures from Block Copolymers with a Crystallizable Core-Forming Block. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 3754–3766. doi: 10.1021/nn400124x.

142. Tanur, A. E.; Wang, J.; Reddy, A. L. M.; Lamont, D. N.; Yap, Y. K.; Walker, G. C. Diameter-Dependent Bending Modulus of Individual Multiwall Boron Nitride Nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117, 4618–4625. doi: 10.1021/jp308893s.

141. Xu, X. G.; Tanur, A. E.; Walker, G. C. Phase Controlled Homodyne Infrared Near-Field Microscopy and Spectroscopy Reveal Inhomogeneity within and among Individual Boron Nitride Nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. A 2013, 117, 3348–3354. doi: 10.1021/jp4008784.

140. Walker, G.; Kambhampati, P.; Silva, C.; Simon, J. D. Biography of Paul F. Barbara. J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117, 4157–4159. doi: 10.1021/jp401719t.

139. Pirotta, S.; Xu, X. G.; Delfan, A.; Mysore, S.; Maiti, S.; Dacarro, G.; Patrini, M.; Galli, M.; Guizzetti, G.; Bajoni, D.; Sipe, J. E.; Walker, G. C.; Liscidini, M. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering in Purely Dielectric Structures via Bloch Surface Waves. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 6821–6825. doi: 10.1021/jp400223f.

138. Kumachev, A.; Tumarkin, E.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Characterization of the mechanical properties of microgels acting as cellular microenvironments. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 2959–2965. doi: 10.1039/C3SM27400D.

137. Paulite, M.; Blum, C.; Schmid, T.; Opilik, L.; Eyer, K.; Walker, G. C.; Zenobi, R. Full Spectroscopic Tip-Enhanced Raman Imaging of Single Nanotapes Formed from β-Amyloid(1–40) Peptide Fragments. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 911–920. doi: 10.1021/nn305677k.

136. MacLaughlin, C. M.; Mullaithilaga, N.; Yang, G.; Ip, S. Y.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Dye-Labeled Au Nanoparticles for Triplexed Detection of Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells and SERS Flow Cytometry. Langmuir 2013, 29, 1908–1919. doi: 10.1021/la303931c.

135. Zamecnik, C. R.; Ahmed, A.; Walters, C. M.; Gordon, R.; Walker, G. C. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Lipid Encapsulated Plasmonic Nanoparticles and J-Aggregates To Create Locally Enhanced Electric Fields. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 1879–1886. doi: 10.1021/jp3117352.

134. Liscidni, M.; Pirotta, S.; Xu, X.; Delfan, A.; Mysore, S.; Maiti, S.; Dacarro, G.; Patrini, M.; Galli, M.; Guizzetti, G.; Bajoni, D.; Sipe, J. E.; Walker, G. Demonstration of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering in Purely Dielectric Structures via Bloch Surface Waves. In CLEO: Science and Innovations, San Jose, CA, United States, June 2013. Optical Society of America, Washington D. C., United States, 2013.

133. Velasco, D.; Chau, M.; Thérien-Aubin, H.; Kumachev, A.; Tumarkin, E.; Jia, Z.; Walker, G. C.; Monteiro, M.; Kumacheva, E. Nanofibrillar thermoreversible micellar microgels. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 2380–2383. doi: 10.1039/C2SM27796D.

132. MacLaughlin, C. M.; Parker, E. P. K.; Walker, G. C.; Wang, C. Evaluation of SERS labeling of CD20 on CLL cells using optical microscopy and fluorescence flow cytometry. Nanomedicine 2013, 9, 55–64. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.04.003.

131. Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C. Single Polymer Studies of Hydrophobic Hydration. Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 45, 2011–2021. doi: 10.1021/ar200285h.

130. Reddy, A. L. M.; Gupta, B. K.; Narayanan, T. N.; Martí, A. A.; Ajayan, P. M.; Walker, G. C. Probing of Ni-Encapsulated Ferromagnetic Boron Nitride Nanotubes by Time-Resolved and Steady-State Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 12803–12809. doi: 10.1021/jp210597m.

129. MacLaughlin, C. M.; Ip, S.; Mullaithilaga, N.; Parker, E.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Cell Surface Protein Detection using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Gold Nanoparticles. Biophys. J. 2012, 102 (3, Supplement 1), 589a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3212.

128. Shi, W.; Zou, S.; Walker, G. C. Single Fibronectin Type III Module Desorption from Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces: Study by Single Molecule Force and Raman Spectroscopy. Biophys. J. 2012, 102 (3, Supplement 1), 587a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3199.

127. Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C. Temperature, Length Scale and Surface Dependence of Single Polymer Hydrophobic Hydration. Biophys. J. 2012, 102 (3, Supplement 1), 175a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.951.

126. Ip, S. Y.; MacLaughlin, C. M.; Mullaithilaga, N.; Joseph, M.; Wala, S.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Lipid-encapsulation of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles and targeting to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. In Frontiers in Biological Detection: Proc. SPIE 8212: From Nanosensors to Systems IV, San Francisco, CA, January 31, 2012; Miller, B. L., Fauchet, P. M., Eds.; SPIE: Bellingham, WA, 2012; 821204. doi: 10.1117/12.909179.

125. MacLaughlin, C. M.; Parker, E. P. K.; Walker, G. C.; Wang, C. Polymer-coated surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) gold nanoparticles for multiplexed labeling of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. In Frontiers in Biological Detection: Proc. SPIE 8212: From Nanosensors to Systems IV, San Franciso, CA, January 31, 2012; Miller, B. L., Fauchet, P. M., Eds.; SPIE: Bellingham, WA, 2012; 821203. doi: 10.1117/12.909192.

124. Li, J. K.; Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C.; Sullan, R. M. A.; Zou, S.; Sun, Y. Polymer Nanomechanics. In Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference; Matyjaszewski, K., Möller, M., Eds; Academic Press: Cambridge, 2012, 377–404. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53349-4.00184-9.

123. Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C. Signature of hydrophobic hydration in a single polymer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2011, 108, 16527–16532. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1105450108.

122. Ip, S.; MacLaughlin, C. M.; Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C. Phospholipid Membrane Encapsulation of Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. Langmuir 2011, 27, 7024–7033. doi: 10.1021/la200212c.

121. Grozea, C. M.; Li, I. T. S.; Grozea, D.; Walker, G. C. Microdomain Orientation of Diblock Copolymer Ultrathin Films Solvent Annealed at Low Temperatures. Macromolecules 2011, 44, 3901–3909. doi: 10.1021/ma102470v.

120. Paulite, M.; Fakhraai, Z.; Li, I. T. S.; Gunari, N.; Tanur, A. E.; Walker, G. C. Imaging Secondary Structure of Individual Amyloid Fibrils of a β₂-Microglobulin Fragment Using Near-Field Infrared Spectroscopy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7376–7383. doi: 10.1021/ja109316p.

119 . Shi, W.; Walker, G. Mechanical Desorption of Single Fibronectin Type III Module from Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces. Biophys. J. 2011, 100 (3, Supplement 1), 480a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2816.

118. Sullan, R. M. A.; Chan, H.; Li, J. K.; Walker, G. C. Nanomechanical Stability of Phase-Segregated Multicomponent Lipid Bilayers Enhanced by Pluronics. Biophys. J. 2011, 100 (3, Supplement 1), 329a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.1995.

117. Gunari, N.; Brewer, L. H.; Bennett, S. M; Sokolova, A.; Kraut, N. D.; Finlay, J. A.; Meyer, A. E.; Walker, G. C.; Wendt, D. E.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A.; Bright, F. V.; Detty, M. R. The control of marine biofouling on xerogel surfaces with nanometer-scale topography. Biofouling 2011, 27, 137–149. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2010.548599.

116. Ip, S.; MacLaughlin, C. M.; Nguyen, C. T.; Walker, G. C. Photonic Nanoparticles for Cellular and Tissular Labeling. In Comprehensive Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; Andrews, D., Scholes, G., Wiederrecht, G., Eds.; Academic Press: Cambridge, 2010, 59–104. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374396-1.00076-3.

115. Stebounova, L.; Paulite, M.; Walker, G. C.; Fakhraai, Z. Biological Imaging Using Near-Field Scanning Microscopy. In Comprehensive Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; Andrews, D., Scholes, G., Wiederrecht, G., Eds.; Academic Press: Cambridge, 2010; 263–285. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374396-1.00089-1.

114. Rossky P. J.; Walker G. C. Paul F. Barbara (1953–2010). Science 2010, 330, 1191. doi: 10.1126/science.1199894.

113. Wang, M.; Zhang, M.; Li, J.; Kumar, S.; Walker, G. C.; Scholes, G. D.; Winnik, M. A. Self-Assembly of Colloidal Quantum Dots on the Scaffold of Triblock Copolymer Micelles. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2010, 2, 3160–3169. doi: 10.1021/am100645j.

112. Raz, N.; Li, J. K.; Fiddes, L. K.; Tumarkin, E.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Microgels with an Interpenetrating Network Structure as a Model System for Cell Studies. Macromolecules 2010, 43, 7277–7281. doi: 10.1021/ma101231z.

111. Finlay, J. A.; Bennett, S. M.; Brewer, L. H.; Sokolova, A.; Clay, G.; Gunari, N.; Meyer, A. E.; Walker, G. C.; Wendt, D. E.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A.; Dettey, M. R. Barnacle settlement and the adhesion of protein and diatom microfouling to xerogel films with varying surface energy and water wettability. Biofouling 2010, 26, 657–666. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2010.506242.

110. Weinman, C. J.; Gunari, N.; Krishnan, S.; Dong, R.; Paik, M. Y.; Sohn, K. E.; Walker, G. C.; Kramer, E. J.; Fischer, D. A.; Ober, C. K. Protein adsorption resistance of anti-biofouling block copolymers containing amphiphilic side chains. Soft Matter 2010, 6, 3237–3243. doi: 10.1039/B925114F.

109. Sullan, R. M. A.; Li, J. K.; Hao, C.; Walker, G. C.; Zou, S. Cholesterol-Dependent Nanomechanical Stability of Phase-Segregated Multicomponent Lipid Bilayers. Biophys. J. 2010, 99, 507–516. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.04.044.

108. Ip, S.; Li, J. K.; Walker, G. C. Phase Segregation of Untethered Zwitterionic Model Lipid Bilayers Observed on Mercaptoundecanoic-Acid-Modified Gold by AFM Imaging and Force Mapping. Langmuir 2010, 26, 11060–11070. doi: 10.1021/la100605t.

107. Nguyen, C. T.; Nguyen, J. T.; Rutledge, S.; Zhang, J.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Detection of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell surface markers using surface enhanced Raman scattering gold nanoparticles. Cancer Lett. 2010, 292, 91–97. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.11.011.

106. Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C. Interfacial Free Energy Governs Single Polystyrene Chain Collapse in Water and Aqueous Solutions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 6530–6540. doi: 10.1021/ja101155h.

105. Reddy, A. L. M.; Tanur, A. E.; Walker, G. C. Synthesis and hydrogen storage properties of different types of boron nitride nanostructures. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 4138–4143. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.072.

104. Kofke, M. J.; Waldeck, D. H.; Walker, G. C. Composite nanoparticle nanoslit arrays: a novel platform for LSPR mediated subwavelength optical transmission. Opt. Express 2010, 18, 7705–7713. doi: 10.1364/OE.18.007705.

103. Tanur, A. E.; Gunari, N.; Sullan, R. M. A.; Kavanagh, C. J.; Walker, G. C. Insights into the composition, morphology, and formation of the calcareous shell of the serpulid Hydroides dianthus. J. Struct. Biol. 2010, 169, 145–160. doi: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.09.008.

102. Li, I. T. S.; Paige, M.; Walker, G. C. Solvent Effect on the Unfolding Force of a Single Hydrophobic Polymer. Biophys. J. 2010, 98 (3, Supplement 1), 592a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.3220.

101. Paulite, M. J.; Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C. The Addition of an Osmolyte, Trimethylamine N-Oxide Promotes Secondary Structure Heterogeneity Among Amyloid Fibrils. Biophys. J. 2010, 98 (3, Supplement 1), 252a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.1370.

100. Sullan, R. M A.; Li, J. K.; Walker, G. C.; Zou, S. Cholesterol-Dependence of the Rupture Activation Energy in Phase-Segregated Multicomponent Lipid Bilayers. Biophys. J. 2010, 98 (3, Supplement 1), 205a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.1096.

99. Bennett, S. M.; Finlay, J. A.; Gunari, N.; Wells, D. D.; Meyer, A. E.; Walker, G. C.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A.; Bright, F. V.; Detty, M. R. The role of surface energy and water wettability in aminoalkyl/fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon-modified xerogel surfaces in the control of marine biofouling. Biofouling 2009, 26, 235–246. doi: 10.1080/08927010903469676.

98. Paulite, M.; Fakhraai Z.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Mueller, K.; Walker G. C. Assembly, Tuning and Use of an Apertureless Near Field Infrared Microscope for Protein Imaging. J. Vis. Exp. 2009, 33, 1581. doi: 10.3791/1581.

97. Grozea, C. M.; Walker, G. C. Approaches in designing non-toxic polymer surfaces to deter marine biofouling. Soft Matter 2009, 5, 4088–4100. doi: 10.1039/B910899H.

96. Grozea, C. M.; Gunari, N.; Finlay, J. A.; Grozea, D.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A.; Lu, Z.-H.; Walker, G. C. Water-Stable Diblock Polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinyl pyridine) and Diblock Polystyrene-block-Poly(methyl methacrylate) Cylindrical Patterned Surfaces Inhibit Settlement of Zoospores of the Green Alga Ulva. Biomacromolecules 2009, 10, 1004–1012. doi: 10.1021/bm900065b.

95. Li, I. T. S.; Walker, G. C. Effect Of Temperature On The Mechanical Properties Of Fibronectin. Biophys. J. 2009, 96 (3, Supplement 1), 641a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3392.

94. Tanur, A. E.; Gunari, N. A.; Sullan, R. M. A.; Kavanagh, C. J.; Walker, G. C. Biomineralization By The Marine Tubeworm Hydroides Dianthus: Structure And Composition Of The Adhesive Cement. Biophys. J. 2009, 96 (3, Supplement 1), 640a–641a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3387.

93. Ip, S.; Walker, G. C. Artificial Phospholipid Bilayers On Nano-patterned Gold Surfaces For Biosensing. Biophys. J. 2009, 96 (3, Supplement 1), 351a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.1770.

92. Paulite, M.; Fakhraai, Z.; Gunari, N.; Tanur, A.; Walker, G. C. Different Individual Amyloid Fibrils Exhibit Different Beta Sheet Secondary Structures via Near-field Infrared Spectroscopy. Biophys. J. 2009, 96 (3, Supplement 1), 87a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.355.

91. Li, I. T. S.; Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C. Experimental Evidence Of Polymer Hydrophobic Collapse Due To Water Density Fluctuation. Biophys. J. 2009, 96 (3, Supplement 1), 36a. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.079.

90. Kofke, M. J.; Waldeck, D. H.; Fakhraai, Z.; Ip, S.; Walker, G. C. The effect of periodicity on the extraordinary optical transmission of annular aperture arrays. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 94, 023104. doi: 10.1063/1.3067835.

89. Sullan, R. M. A.; Gunari, N.; Tanur, A. E.; Chan, Y.; Dickinson, G. H.; Orihuela, B.; Rittschof, D.; Walker, G. C. Nanoscale structures and mechanics of barnacle cement. Biofouling 2009, 25, 263–275. doi: 10.1080/08927010802688095.

88. Cheung, J. W. C.; Walker, G. C. Immuno-Atomic Force Microscopy Characterization of Adsorbed Fibronectin. Langmuir 2008, 24, 13842–13849. doi: 10.1021/la802452v.

87. Wang, M.; Zou, S.; Guerin, G.; Shen, L.; Deng, K.; Jones, M.; Walker, G. C.; Scholes, G. D.; Winnik, M. A. A Water-Soluble pH-Responsive Molecular Brush of Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Grafted Polythiophene. Macromolecules 2008, 41, 6993–7002. doi: 10.1021/ma800777m.

86. Mueller, K.; Yang, X.; Paulite, M.; Fakhraai, Z.; Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C. Chemical Imaging of the Surface of Self-Assembled Polystyrene-b-Poly(methyl methacrylate) Diblock Copolymer Films Using Apertureless Near-Field IR Microscopy. Langmuir 2008, 24, 6946–6951. doi: 10.1021/la703406d.

85. Gunari, N.; Walker, G. C. Nanomechanical Fingerprints of Individual Blocks of a Diblock Copolymer Chain. Langmuir 2008, 24, 5197–5201. doi: 10.1021/la7034054.

84. Li, J. K.; Zou, S.; Rider, D. A.; Manners, I.; Walker, G. C. Differential Conductivity in Self-Assembled Nanodomains of a Diblock Copolymer Using Polystyrene-block-Poly(ferrocenylethylmethylsilane). Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 1989–1993. doi: 10.1002/adma.200702796.

83. Tivanski, A. V.; Li, J. K.; Walker, G. C. Pressure-Induced Restructuring of a Monolayer Film Nanojunction Produces Threshold and Power Law Conduction. Langmuir 2008, 24, 2288–2293. doi: 10.1021/la7032498.

82. Gunari, N.; Balazs, A. C.; Walker, G. C. Force-Induced Globule-Coil Transition in Single Polystyrene Chains in Water. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 10046–10047. doi: 10.1021/ja068652w.

81. Nie, Z.; Fava, D.; Kumacheva, E.; Zou, S.; Walker, G. C.; Rubinstein, M. Self-assembly of metal–polymer analogues of amphiphilic triblock copolymers. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 609–614. doi: 10.1038/nmat1954.

80. Zhang, H.; Tumarkin, E.; Sullan, R. M. A.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Exploring Microfluidic Routes to Microgels of Biological Polymers. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2007, 28, 527–538. doi: 10.1002/marc.200600776.

79. Romanov, V.; Walker, G. C. Infrared Near-Field Detection of a Narrow Resonance Due to Molecular Vibrations in a Nanoparticle. Langmuir 2007, 23, 2829–2837. doi: 10.1021/la0625594.

78. Zou, S.; Hong, R.; Emrick, T.; Walker, G. C. Ordered CdSe Nanoparticles within Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Domains on Surfaces. Langmuir 2007, 23, 1612–1614. doi: 10.1021/la0629274.

77. Walker, G.; Romanov, S.; Ip, S.; Nguyen, T. Near Field Optical and Infrared Imaging of Material and Metamaterial Surfaces. In Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion: Laser Science, San Jose, CA, United States, September 16, 2007. Optical Society of America, Washington, D. C., United States, 2007.

76. Zou, S.; Sullan, R. S.; Walker, G. Unfolding and refolding behavior of maltose-binding protein by AFM. In Polymers and Biology: Proceedings of the 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, September 11, 2006; American Chemical Society, WA, United States, 2006, POLY 297.

75. Zou, S.; Tivanski, A.; Li, J.; Walker, G. Nano forces in conjugated polymer thin films and self-assembled monolayers by conducting probe AFM. In Polymers in Nanotechnology: Proceedings of the 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, September 10, 2006; American Chemical Society, WA, United States, 2006, POLY 31.

74. Gunari, N.; Balazs, A. C.; Walker, G. C. Stretching behavior of single diblock copolymer chains in different solvent conditions. In Polymers in Nanotechnology: Proceedings of the 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, September 10, 2006; American Chemical Society, WA, United States, 2006, POLY 468.

73. Zhang, H.; Tumarkin, E.; Peerani, R.; Nie, Z.; Sullan, R. M. A.; Walker, G. C.; Kumacheva, E. Microfluidic Production of Biopolymer Microcapsules with Controlled Morphology. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 12205–12210. doi: 10.1021/ja0635682.

72. Stebounova, L.; Chen, F.; Bain, J.; Schlesinger, T. E.; Ip, S.; Walker, G. C. Field localization in very small aperture lasers studied by apertureless near-field microscopy. Appl. Opt. 2006, 45, 6192–6197. doi: 10.1364/AO.45.006192.

71. Sun, Y.; Walker, G. C. Viscoelastic Response of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) in Adhesive Interaction with AFM Tips. Langmuir 2005, 21, 8694–8702. doi: 10.1021/la050448j.

70. Tivanski, A. V.; Walker, G. C. Ferrocenylundecanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayer Charging Correlates with Negative Differential Resistance Measured by Conducting Probe Atomic Force Microscopy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 7647–7653. doi: 10.1021/ja0514491.

69. Meadows, P. Y.; Walker, G. C. Force Microscopy Studies of Fibronectin Adsorption and Subsequent Cellular Adhesion to Substrates with Well-Defined Surface Chemistries. Langmuir 2005, 21, 4096–4107. doi: 10.1021/la047241v.

68. Tivanski, A. V.; He, Y.; Borguet, E.; Walker, G. C.; Waldeck, D. H. Conjugated Thiol Linker for Enhanced Electrical Conduction of Gold–Molecule Contacts. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 5398–5402. doi: 10.1021/jp050022d.

67. Meadows, P. Y.; Bemis, J. E., Walker, G. C. Quantifying Adhesion Bond Parameters to Distinguish Interactions of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Blocks of Polystyrene–Poly-2-vinylpyridine with a Silicon Nitride Surface. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4136–4137. doi: 10.1021/ja0427395.

66. Walker, G. C.; Sun, Y.; Guo, S.; Finlay, J. A.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A. Surface Mechanical Properties of the Spore Adhesive of the Green Alga Ulva. J. Adhes. 2005, 81, 1101–1118. doi: 10.1080/00218460500310846.

65. Al-Maawali, S.; Bemis, J. E.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Liu, H.; Walker, G. C. Single-Molecule AFM Study of Polystyrene Grafted at Gold Surfaces. J. Adhes. 2005, 81, 999–1016. doi: 10.1080/00218460500310416.

64. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Stebounova, L.; Sun, Y.; Walker, G. C. Apertureless Near-Field Infrared Microscopy for Chemical Imaging of Thin Films. In Applications of Scanned Probe Microscopy to Polymers; Batteas, J. D., Walker, G. C., Michaels, C., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Columbus, OH, 2005; 51–64.

63. Meadows, P. Y.; Bemis, J. E.; Al-Maawali, S.; Walker, G. C. Probing Single Molecules Using AFM. In Applications of Scanned Probe Microscopy to Polymers; Batteas, J. D., Walker, G. C., Michaels, C., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Columbus, OH, 2005; 148–161.

62. Sun, Y.; Guo, S.; Walker, G. C.; Kavanagh, C. J.; Swain, G. W. Surface elastic modulus of barnacle adhesive and release characteristics from silicone surfaces. Biofouling 2004, 20, 279–289. doi: 10.1080/08927010400026383.

61. Tivanski, A. V.; Walker, G. C. The role of adhesion forces in nanoscale measurements of the conductive properties of organic Surfaces using conductive probe AFM. Proc. SPIE 2004, 5513, 14–21. doi: 10.1117/12.559718.

60. Sun, Y.; Akhremitchev, B.; Walker, G. C. Using the Adhesive Interaction between Atomic Force Microscopy Tips and Polymer Surfaces to Measure the Elastic Modulus of Compliant Samples. Langmuir 2004, 20, 5837–5845. doi: 10.1021/la036461q.

59. Stebounova, L.; Romanov, V.; Akhremitchev, B.; Walker, G. Near Field Infrared Microscopy of Polymer Surfaces. In Volume 2: Materials: ANTEC 2004 Plastics: Annual Technical Conference. Society of Plastics Engineers, Chicago, IL, May 2004; 2364–2368.

58. Meadows, P. Y.; Bemis, J. E.; Walker, G. C. Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy of Isolated and Aggregated Fibronectin Proteins on Negatively Charged Surfaces in Aqueous Liquids. Langmuir 2003, 19, 9566–9572. doi: 10.1021/la035217w.

57. Chen, F.; Stebounova, L.; Itagi, A.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Bain, J. A.; Stancil, D. D.; Walker, G. C.; Schlesinger, T. E. Imaging of optical field confinement in ridge waveguides fabricated on a very-small-aperture laser. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 3245–3247. doi: 10.1063/1.1621088.

56. Tivanski, A.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. Vibrational Mode Coupling to Ultrafast Electron Transfer in [(CN)₅OsCNRu(NH₃)₅]^– Studied by Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 9051–9058. doi: 10.1021/jp034274v.

55. Stebounova, L.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Enhancement of the weak scattered signal in apertureless near-field scanning infrared microscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2003, 74, 3670–3674. doi: 10.1063/1.1592876.

54. Khoshtariya, D. E.; Hansen, E.; Leecharoen, R.; Walker, G. C. Probing protein hydration by the difference O–H (O–D) vibrational spectroscopy: Interfacial percolation network involving highly polarizable water-water hydrogen bonds. J. Mol. Liq. 2003, 105, 13–36. doi: 10.1016/S0167-7322(03)00009-6.

53. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Bemis, J. E.; Al-Maawali, S.; Sun, Y.; Stebounova, L.; Walker, G. C. Application of Scanning Force and Near Field Microscopies to the Characterization of Minimally Adhesive Polymer Surfaces. Biofouling 2003, 19, 99–104. doi: 10.1080/0892701031000072217.

52. Tivanski, A. V.; Bemis, J. E.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Liu, H.; Walker, G. C. Adhesion Forces in Conducting Probe Atomic Force Microscopy. Langmuir 2003, 19, 1929–1934. doi: 10.1021/la026555k

51. Chen, J.; Liu, H.; Weimer, W. A.; Halls, M. D.; Waldeck, D. H.; Walker, G. C. Noncovalent Engineering of Carbon Nanotube Surfaces by Rigid, Functional Conjugated Polymers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 9034–9035. doi: 10.1021/ja026104m.

50. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Sun, Y.; Stebounova, L.; Walker, G. C. Monolayer-Sensitive Infrared Imaging of DNA Stripes Using Apertureless Near-Field Microscopy. Langmuir 2002, 18, 5325–5328. doi: 10.1021/la025700r.

49. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Developing Vibrational Infrared Near Field Spectroscopy to Characterize Polymer Structures on Surfaces: Identification and Reduction of Topographic Coupling Artifacts. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2002, 75, 1011–1018. doi: 10.1246/bcsj.75.1011.

48. Sun, Y.; Walker, G. C. Two-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Latex Particles in Wetting Films on Patterned Polymer Surfaces. J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 2217–2223. doi: 10.1021/jp0143995.

47. Al-Maawali, S.; Bemis, J. E.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Leecharoen, R.; Janesko, B. G.; Walker, G. C. Study of the Polydispersity of Grafted Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfaces Using Single-Molecule Atomic Force Microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 3965–3971. doi: 10.1021/jp0037246.

46. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Pollack, S.; Walker G. C. Apertureless Scanning Near-Field Infrared Microscopy of a Rough Polymeric Surface. Langmuir 2001, 17, 2774–2781. doi: 10.1021/la001401v.

45. Walker, G. C.; Beratan, D. N. Electron Transfer. In Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry; Moore, J. H., Spencer, N. D., Eds.; Institute of Physics Publishing: Bristol, UK, 2001; 2657–2680.

44. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Brown, H. G.; Graner, S. R.; Walker, G. C. Force Modulation Elasticity Mapping of Plastic-embedded, Thin-sectioned Skeletal Muscle. Microsc. Microanal. 2001, 7, 32–38. Link to article.

43. Wang, C.; Mohney, B. K.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy of Vibrational States Prepared by Photoinduced Electron Transfer in (CN)₅FeCNRu(NH₃)₅^–. J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 4314–4320. doi: 10.1021/jp993927y.

42. Mohney, B. K.; Petri, E. T.; Uvarova, V.; Walker, G. C. Infrared Absorption and Ultraviolet‑Circular Dichroism Spectral Studies of Thermally Induced Unfolding of Apomyoglobin. Appl. Spectrosc. 2000, 54, 9–14. Link to article.

41. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Finite Sample Thickness Effects on Elasticity Determination Using Atomic Force Microscopy. Langmuir 1999, 15, 5630–5634. doi: 10.1021/la980585z.

40. Gu, Y.; Akhremitchev, B.; Walker, G. C.; Waldeck, D. H. Structural Characterization and Electron Tunneling at n-Si/SiO₂/SAM/Liquid Interface. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 5220–5226. doi: 10.1021/jp9838184.

39. Bemis, J. E.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Single Polymer Chain Elongation by Atomic Force Microscopy. Langmuir 1999, 15, 2799–2805. doi: 10.1021/la980853t.

38. Zhulina, E.; Walker, G. C.; Balazs, A. C. Modeling the Interactions between Atomic Force Microscope Tips and Polymeric Substrates. Langmuir 1998, 14, 4615–4622. doi: 10.1021/la980344r.

37. Akhremitchev, B. B.; Mohney, B. K.; Marra, K. G.; Chapman, T. M.; Walker, G. C. Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Hydration of Fluorinated Amide/Urethane Copolymer Film Surfaces. Langmuir 1998, 14, 3976–3982. doi: 10.1021/la970911v.

36. Wang, C.; Mohney, B. K.; Williams, R. D.; Petrov, V.; Hupp, J. T.; Walker, G. C. Solvent Control of Vibronic Coupling upon Intervalence Charge Transfer Excitation of (CN)₅FeCNRu(NH₃)₅^– as Revealed by Resonance Raman and Near-Infrared Absorption Spectroscopies. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 5848–5849. doi: 10.1021/ja9736931.

35. Wang, C.; Mohney, B. K.; Leecharoen, R.; Walker, G. C. Photoinduced Release of Nitric Oxide from S-nitrosoglutathione. In Ultrafast Phenomena XI; Elsaesser, T., Fujimoto, J. G., Wiersma, D. A., Zinth, W., Eds.; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: New York, 1998, 603–605.

34. Mohney, B. K.; Walker, G. C. Conformational Restriction of Cysteine-Bound NO in Bovine Serum Albumin Revealed by Circular Dichroism. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 9311–9312. doi: 10.1021/ja971119j.

33. Wang, C.; Akhremitchev, B.; Walker, G. C. Femtosecond infrared and visible studies of photoinduced intermolecular electron transfer: Coumarin 337 in dimethylaniline. In Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, Baltimore, MD, United States, May 18, 1997; Bokor, J.; Slusher, R.; Bucksbaum, P.; Falcone, R., Eds.; Optical Society of America, Washington, D. C., United States, 1997. Link to abstract.

32. Wang, C.; Akhremitchev, B.; Walker, G. C. Femtosecond Infrared and Visible Spectroscopy of Photoinduced Intermolecular Electron Transfer Dynamics and Solvent–Solute Reaction Geometries: Coumarin 337 in Dimethylaniline. J. Phys. Chem., A 1997, 101, 2735–2738. doi: 10.1021/jp962793a.

31. Akhremitchev, B.; Wang, C.; Walker, G. C. A femtosecond absorption spectrometer tunable from 50 000 to 800 cm⁻¹: Nonlinear optics and pump/probe geometries. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1996, 67, 3799–3805. doi: 10.1063/1.1147280.

30. Wynne, K.; Haran, G.; Reid, G. D.; Moser, C. C.; Walker, G. C.; Maiti, S.; Dutton, P. L.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy on Reaction Centers of Rb. Sphaeroides. In The Reaction Center of Photosynthetic Bacteria: Structure and Dynamics. Michel-Beyerle, M.-E., Ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996, 281–286.

29. Wang, C.; Mohney, B. K.; Akhremitchev, B. B.; Walker, G. C. Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy of Optically Excited Molecules. In Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy VII; Woodruff, W., Ed.; Springer: Berlin, 1996.

28. Diller, R.; Maiti, S.; Walker, G. C.; Cowen, B. R.; Pippenger, R.; Bogomolni; R. A.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Femtosecond time-resolved infrared laser study of the J–K transition of bacteriorhodopsin. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1995, 241, 109–115. doi: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00598-X.

27. Tominaga, K.; Walker, G. C. Femtosecond experiments on solvation dynamics of an anionic probe molecule in methanol. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 1995, 87, 127–133. doi: 10.1016/1010-6030(94)03976-2.

26. Walker, G. C.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Ultrafast Vibrational Spectroscopy: Methods, Theory, and Applications. In Laser Techniques in Chemistry; Myers, A. B., Rizzo, T. R., Eds. Wiley: New York, 1995.

25. Maiti, S.; Walker, G. C.; Cowen, B. R.; Pippenger, R.; Moser, C. C.; Dutton, P. L.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Femtosecond coherent transient infrared spectroscopy of reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1994, 91, 10360–10364. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.22.10360

24. Walker, G. C.; Maiti, S.; Cowen, B. R.; Moser, C. C.; Dutton, P. L.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Time Resolution of Electronic Transitions of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers in the Infrared. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 5778–5783. doi: 10.1021/j100073a035.

23. Hochstrasser, R. M.; Cowen, B. R.; Dutton, P. L.; Galli, C.; LeCours, S.; Maiti, S.; Moser, C. C.; Raftery, D.; Therien, M.; Walker, G.; Wynne, K. Vibrational Dynamics in Condensed Phases and Proteins. In Time Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy, Berlin, Germany, May, 1993; Lau, A., Werncke, W., Siebert, F., Eds.; Spring-Verlag: Berlin, 1994, 191–198.

22. Walker, G. C.; Maiti, S.; Reid, G. D.; Wynne, K.; Pippenger, R. S.; Moser, C. C.; Cowen, B. R.; Dutton, P. L.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Vibrational Spectroscopy in the Coherent Regime: Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. In Ultrafast Phenomena IX; Knox, W. A., Barbara, P. F., Mourou, G. A., Zewail, A., Eds; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: New York, 1994.

21. Walker, G. C.; Cowen, B.; Maiti, S.; Moser, C. C.; Dutton, P. L.; Hochstrasser, R. M. Femtosecond infrared spectroscopy of biological processes. In Proceedings Volume 1890, Biomolecular Spectroscopy III: Optics, Electro-Optics, and Laser Applications in Science and Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, United States, May 1, 1993; SPIE: Bellingham, WA, United States, 1993. doi: 10.1117/12.145244.

20. Johnson, A. E.; Levinger, N. E.; Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F. Ultrafast Studies and Simulations on Direct Photoinduced Electron Transfer in the Betaines. In Ultrafast Phenomena VIII; Martin, J.-L., Migus, A., Mourou, G. A., Zewail, A. H., Eds.; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: New York, 1993.

19. Hochstrasser, R. M.; Diller, R.; Maiti, S.; Lian, T.; Locke, B. R.; Moser, C. C.; Dutton, P. L.; Cowen, B. R.; Walker, G. C. Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy of Protein Dynamics. In Ultrafast Phenomena VIII; Martin, J.-L., Migus, A., Mourou, G. A., Zewail, A. H., Eds.; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: New York, 1993.

18. Johnson, A. E.; Jarzeba, W.; Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F. Ultrafast Torsional Relaxation from the Barrier Region for an Excited-State Isomerization in Solution: 9-Carbonylanthracences. Isr. J. Chem. 1993, 33, 199–206. doi: 10.1002/ijch.199300025.

17. Kliner, D. A. V.; Tominaga, K.; Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F. Comparison of experimental and theoretical absolute rates for intervalence electron transfer. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 8323–8325. doi: 10.1021/ja00047a073

16. Levinger, N. E.; Johnson, A. E.; Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F. Specific excitation of the solvent coordinate in the S₃→S₁ and S₁→S₀ radiationless decay of the betaines. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1992, 196, 159–165. doi: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)85947-9

15. Barbara, P. F.; Walker, G. C.; Smith, T. P. Vibrational Modes and the Dynamic Solvent Effect in Electron and Proton Transfer. Science 1992, 256, 975–981. doi: 10.1126/science.256.5059.975.

14. Åkesson, E.; Johnson, A. E.; Levinger, N. E.; Walker, G. C.; DuBruil, T. P.; Barbara, P. F. Temperature dependence of the inverted regime: Electron transfer kinetics of betaine-30 and the role of molecular modes. J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 96, 7859–7862. doi: 10.1063/1.462384.

13. Smith, T. P.; Zaklika, K. A.; Thakur, K.; Walker, G. C.; Tominaga, K.; Barbara, P. F. Ultrafast studies on proton transfer in photostabilizers. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 1992, 65, 165–175. doi: 10.1016/1010-6030(92)85041-R.

12. Walker, G. C.; Aakesson, E.; Johnson, A. E.; Levinger, N. E.; Barbara, P. F. Interplay of solvent motion and vibrational excitation in electron-transfer kinetics: experiment and theory. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 3728–3736. doi: 10.1021/j100188a032.

11. Smith, T. P.; Zaklika, K. A.; Thakur, K.; Walker, G. C.; Tominaga, K.; Barbara, P. F. Spectroscopic studies of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in 1-(acylamino)anthraquinones. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 10465–10475. doi: 10.1021/j100178a038.

10. Tominaga, K.; Walker, G. C.; Jarzeba, W.; Barbara, P. F. Ultrafast charge separation in ADMA: experiment, simulation, and theoretical issues. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 10475–10485. doi: 10.1021/j100178a039.

9. Tominaga, K.; Walker, G. C.; Kang, T. J.; Barbara, P. F.; Fonseca, T. Reaction rates in the phenomenological adiabatic excited-state electron-transfer theory. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 10485–10492. doi: 10.1021/j100178a040.

8. Akesson, E.; Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F. Dynamic solvent effects on electron transfer rates in the inverted regime: Ultrafast studies on the betaines. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 4188–4194. doi: 10.1063/1.460774.

7. Walker, G. C.; Barbara, P. F.; Doorn, S. K.; Dong, Y.; Hupp, J. T. Ultrafast measurements on direct photoinduced electron transfer in a mixed-valence complex. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 5712–5715. doi: 10.1021/j100168a002.

6. Jarzeba, W.; Walker, G. C.; Johnson, A. E.; Barbara, P. F. Nonexponential solvation dynamics of simple liquids and mixtures. Chem. Phys. 1991, 152, 57–68. doi: 10.1016/0301-0104(91)80034-F.

5. Walker, G. C.; Jarzeba, W.; Kang, T. J.; Johnson, A. E.; Barbara, P. F. Ultraviolet femtosecond fluorescence spectroscopy: techniques and Applications. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1990, 7, 1521–1527. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.7.001521.

4. Papanikolas, J.; Walker, G. C.; Shamamian, V. A.; Christensen, R. L.; Baum, J. C. Effects of hydrogen bonding on the low-lying electronic states of a model polyene aldehyde. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 1912–1920. doi: 10.1021/ja00161a041.

3. Flom, S. R.; Walker, G. C.; Lynch, L. E.; Miller, L. L.; Barbara, P. F. Degenerate four-wave mixing experiments on polyacene quinones. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1989, 154, 193–198. doi: 10.1016/0009-2614(89)87447-0.

2. Jarzeba, W.; Walker, G. C.; Johnson, A. E.; Kahlow, M. A.; Barbara, P. F. Femtosecond microscopic solvation dynamics of aqueous solutions. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 7039–7041. doi: 10.1021/j100336a002.

1. Barbara, P. F.; Walker, G. C. Ultrafast Measurements on Excited State Isomerizations. Rev. Chem. Intermed. 1988, 10, 1–33. doi: 10.1007/BF03158337.